{"id":1413,"date":"2026-07-03T15:01:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-03T07:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/?p=1413"},"modified":"2026-07-03T15:01:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T07:01:02","slug":"games202","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/2026\/07\/03\/games202\/","title":{"rendered":"GAMES202"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Some basic understandings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q\uff1a \u6709\u5173fragment shader\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536vertex shader\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1afragment shader\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c4f\u5e55\u50cf\u7d20\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u800cvertex shader\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9876\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u57fa\u4e8e\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6570\u636e\u662f\u600e\u6837\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u548c\u63d2\u503c\u6709\u5173\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\uff1a\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u6e32\u67d3\u7ba1\u7ebf\u4e2d\uff0cVertex Shader \u4ee5\u9876\u70b9\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8f93\u51fa\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 Fragment Shader\u3002\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u51e0\u4f55\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\uff0c\u9876\u70b9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5149\u6805\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\uff0cGPU \u4ee5\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u751f\u6210 fragment\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684fragment\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\u5c4f\u5e55\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7ebf\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6253\u6563\u4e3a\u788e\u7247\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u788e\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4e09\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u63d2\u503c\u5f97\u5230\uff08\u91cd\u5fc3\u5750\u6807\u63d2\u503c\uff0c\u5982 UV\u3001\u6cd5\u7ebf\u7b49\uff09\u3002<strong>Fragment Shader \u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a fragment <\/strong>\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982 material ID\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 flat \u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u5185\u7684 fragment \u63a5\u6536\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6df1\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u673a\u7406\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u4e0a\u7684fragment\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u53d6\u820d\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728fragment\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e4b\u540e\u505a\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u6839\u636ez-test\u7ed3\u679c\u5254\u9664\u6df1\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684fragment\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728fragment\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u5173fragment\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u505az-test\uff08Early-Z\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206fragment\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165shader\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Early-Z \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u201c\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c3d\u65e9\u6dd8\u6c70\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1 fragment \u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684 Fragment Shader \u6267\u884c\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3 GPU \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5728 fragment \u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u5982 discard\u3001\u5199\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\u65f6\u9000\u5316\u4e3a Late-Z\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6709\u5173\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-1024x372.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"372\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-1024x372.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1423\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cLo = Li * BRDF * visibility\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e863d\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2afragment\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u9879\uff08incident lighting \u5165\u5c04\u5149\u7ebf\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5e94\u5149\u7167\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u8f90\u7167\u5ea6 radiance\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Environment Lighting based on IBL \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u9010\u50cf\u7d20\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u5149\u6e90\u5728\u65e0\u7a77\u8fdc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\u4e00\u4e2acubeMap\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u7403\u6765\u5f97\u5230Li\u9879\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u8ba1\u7b97\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u79ef\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 IBL \u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u8d34\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5165\u5c04\u8f90\u5c04\u5ea6 <math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">L_i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5728 fragment \u4e2d\u5bf9\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u79ef\u5206\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e32\u67d3\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u8d34\u56fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c06\u79ef\u5206\u62c6\u5206\uff1a\u5bf9 diffuse \u90e8\u5206\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8 Li \u4e0e cosine \u9879\u5377\u79ef\u540e\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u5bf9 specular \u90e8\u5206\u5219\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u5165\u9884\u6ee4\u6ce2\u73af\u5883\u8d34\u56fe\uff0c\u5c06\u6750\u8d28\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u5165 BRDF \u67e5\u627e\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ee5\u67e5\u8868\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b8c\u6574\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542b\u6709visibilty = 1\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u79ef\u5206\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u62c6\u5206\u4fdd\u8bc1\u628a\u73af\u5883\u9879\u548c\u6750\u8d28\u9879\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BRDF\uff1aBRDF \u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5165\u5c04\u65b9\u5411 <math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\omega_i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4f1a\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u5230\u51fa\u5c04\u65b9\u5411 <math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\omega_o<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u662f\u548c\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6750\u8d28\u5c5e\u6027\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Cook\u2013Torrance microfacet BRDF\u5c31\u8868\u73b0\u4e3ametallic\uff0croughness\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">visibility\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5149\u6e90\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5149\u6e90\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u548c\u906e\u6321\u6709\u5173\u7684\u9879\u4e5f\u7ec4\u6210\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1ashadow mapping\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u6807\u51c6\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u900f\u89c6\u6295\u5f71\u7684projection matrix\u4f1a\u628a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u5f80\u8fdc\u5e73\u9762\u63a8\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684Z\u503c\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e16\u754c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728fragment shader\u4f7f\u7528shadow map\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528Z\u6216\u8005\u4e16\u754c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shadow acne <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Shadow acne \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5728\u4e8e shadow map \u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e2a\u79bb\u6563\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\u6765\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u793a\u5149\u6e90\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u51e0\u4f55\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u5185\u771f\u5b9e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5f53 fragment \u4ece\u76f8\u673a\u89c6\u89d2\u91cd\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u5149\u6e90\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0e shadow map \u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e24\u6b21\u5149\u6805\u5316\u4e0e\u6570\u503c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c fragment \u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7565\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7565\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8be5\u79bb\u6563\u6df1\u5ea6\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u90e8\u5206 fragment \u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u88ab\u81ea\u8eab\u906e\u6321\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u906e\u6321\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5149\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5e73\u9762\u5e73\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u9634\u5f71\u50cf\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5c06\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002 <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1abias\u5bb9\u5dee\uff0c\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u81ea\u906e\u6321\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2abias\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u5149\u6e90\u89d2\u5ea6\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u66f4\u659c\u7684\u5149\u7684bias\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u95ee\u9898\uff1adetached shadow\uff08\u4e0d\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u9634\u5f71\uff0c\u53c8\u53ebpeter panning\uff09\uff1a\u6e90\u81eabias\u95ee\u9898\u3002bias\u5982\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u4f24\u67d0\u4e9b\u79bb\u5f97\u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u8fd1\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u9634\u5f71\u548c\u7269\u4f53\u65ad\u5f00\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u9634\u5f71\u60ac\u6d6e\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684bias\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-1.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"861\" height=\"555\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-1.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1438\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 861px) 100vw, 861px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-2.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"838\" height=\"801\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-2.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1443\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. aliasing\u8d70\u6837\uff0c\u6e90\u4e8eshadow map\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u952f\u9f7f\u8fb9\u7f18\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPCF\uff08percentage closer filtering\uff09\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPCSS\uff08percentage closer soft shadow\uff09\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bb2\uff0cPCF\u4e00\u822c\u5728fragment shader\u91cc\u9762\u7528\u5230\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86shadow Map\u548c\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e0\u53731\u7684visibility\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91c7\u6837\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e73\u5747\u8fd9\u4e2avisibility\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a0-1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u503c\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u9644\u8fd1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u540e\u5904\u7406\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u6e32\u67d3\u5b8c\u6bd5\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6539shadow Map\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u4ee3\u8868\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0AA\uff08anti-aliasing \u6297\u952f\u9f7f\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u7eed\u53d1\u73b0\u968f\u7740filter core\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9634\u5f71\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u201c\u8f6f\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8f6f\u9634\u5f71\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1afilter core\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0ccore\u8d8a\u5927\u5c31\u8d8a\u8f6f\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u9634\u5f71\u5927\u5c0f\u7531\u4ec0\u4e48\u51b3\u5b9a\u5462\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u5149\u6e90\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5149\u6e90\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u534a\u5f71\u533a\u9762\u79ef\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u662fblocker\u8ddd\u79bbReceiver\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u4e0b\u56fe\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8ddd\u79bb\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u534a\u5f71\u533a\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-3-779x1024.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"779\" height=\"1024\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-3-779x1024.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1453\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fPCSS\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fPCF\u5728\u8f6f\u9634\u5f71\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The complete algorithm of PCSS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Step 1: Blocker search<br>(getting the average blocker depth in a certain region)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Step 2: Penumbra estimation<br>(use the average blocker depth to determine filter size)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Step 3: Percentage Closer Filtering<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2acertain region\u672c\u8eab\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ed6\u7684\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2ashadow Map\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728blocker\u906e\u6321\u4eceshading point\u5230\u5149\u6e90\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5149\u6e90\u5927\u5c0f\uff0creceiver\u6df1\u5ea6\u548clight\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-4.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"903\" height=\"305\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-4.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1456\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u6bd4\u5982shadow Map\uff09\u90fd\u662f0-1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b58\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86projection\u538b\u7f29\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fdc\u5e73\u9762\u8d8a\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5c31\u8d8a\u5dee\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u6218\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aVSSM\uff08variance shadow mapping\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728PCSS\u79cd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5377\u79ef\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u3002step1\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u6837\u5f97\u5230average blocker depth\uff0cstep3\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684visibility\u3002\u663e\u7136\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b65\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7a00\u758f\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11sample\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5355\u5f20\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684noise\u548c\u8fde\u7eed\u6e32\u67d3\u4e2d\uff0cnoise\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684fliker\uff08\u6296\u52a8\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7a00\u758f\u91c7\u6837\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u914d\u5408\u56fe\u50cf\u964d\u566a\u5de5\u4f5c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5757\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0cdenoisy\u53bb\u566a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e48VSSM\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6846\u9009\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7b26\u5408<strong>\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03<\/strong>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5bfb\u627eshading point\u6df1\u5ea6\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684<strong>\u5747\u503c<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u65b9\u5dee<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5747\u503c\uff08mean\uff09\uff1a\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u60f3\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528hardware mipmap\uff08\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7531\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8emipmap\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784summed area tables\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u77e9\u9635\uff09\u6765\u505a\u4efb\u610f\u77e9\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b9\u5dee\uff08variance\uff09\uff1a\u65b9\u5dee = \u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u671f\u671b &#8211; \u671f\u671b\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u5e73\u65b9\u6613\u5f97\uff0c\u800c\u5e73\u65b9\u671f\u671b\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u5b58\u4e00\u5f20\u7c7bshadow map\u7684\u56fe\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6df1\u5ea6\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2afloat8\u91cc\u9762\uff08RGBA\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5360\u7528\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e86mean\u548cvariance\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97<strong>\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03<\/strong>\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0cVSSM\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u6765\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff08\u628a\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f53\u6210\u7ea6\u7b49\u6765\u770b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-5.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"671\" height=\"163\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-5.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1468\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 671px) 100vw, 671px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e48\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e0a\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86step 3\uff1aPCF\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46step 1\uff1ablocker search\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u906e\u6321\u7269\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5747\u503c\u662f\u8303\u56f4\u5185<strong>\u6240\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6<\/strong>\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f<strong>\u906e\u6321\u7269<\/strong>\uff08z&lt;t\uff09\u6df1\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u5747\u503c\u548c\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff08\u540cstep 3\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5bf9x&gt;t\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8eZunocc\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u975e\u906e\u6321\u7269\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528t\uff08\u4e00\u4e2ahack\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6240\u6709\u975e\u906e\u6321\u7269\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u90fd\u662fshading point\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9634\u5f71\u63a5\u53d7\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-6-1024x622.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"622\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-6-1024x622.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1473\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faVSSM\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u7528\u5176\u6781\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u672c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u7b80\u5316\u6210\u5e73\u65b9\u548c\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u964d\u566a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08TAA\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u76ee\u524d\u66f4\u591a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7a00\u758f\u91c7\u6837\u7684PCSS\u6765\u505a\u9634\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aMoment shadow mapping\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VSSM\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u4f30\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9634\u5f71\u533aoverly dark\u6216\u8005overly lighting\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u8bc6\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u9634\u5f71\u53d8\u5f97\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u592a\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u53d8\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u201c\u767d\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201cLight leaking\uff08\u6f0f\u5149\uff09\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64Moment shadow mapping\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u5207\u6bd4\u96ea\u592b\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u51c6\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u9664\u4e86x\u548cx\u5e73\u65b9\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u9636\u77e9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u5f53\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u56db\u9636\u77e9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1PCF\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7531\u56db\u9636\u77e9\u91cd\u6784\u539f\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4perfomance\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aDistance field soft shadow\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u597d\u5904\uff1fSDF(signed distance field)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0cdistance function\u6307\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8bb0\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7684distance function \u7684 value .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">signed\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u89c4\u5b9a\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u90e8value\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\uff0c\u5916\u90e8value\u4e3a\u6b63\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aunsigned\u53d8\u6210signed\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4f7f\u8ddd\u79bb\u573a\u6709\u4e86\u201c\u65b9\u5411\u201d, \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u6709\u5411\u8ddd\u79bb\u573a\u201d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-7-1024x574.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-7-1024x574.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1492\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u5f97\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-8-1024x593.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"593\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-8-1024x593.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1495\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ddd\u79bb\u573a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ray marching (sphere tracing) to perform ray-SDF intersection  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5149\u7ebf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5149\u4e0e\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6c42\u4ea4\u3002\u800cSDF\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\uff08\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8868\u793a\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684distance function\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\u8303\u56f4\u4ee5\u5185\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201csafe\u201d\u3002\u5728ray tracing\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8df3\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5149\u7ebf\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5230SDF\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9\u5149\u79fb\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u5927\u6bb5\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684 ray marching\uff08\u5149\u7ebf\u6b65\u8fdb\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u5230SDF\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u51c6\u5907\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u79fb\u52a8\u8ddd\u79bb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u8fdc\uff08\u51c6\u5907\u4e22\u5f03\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">    2. Use SDF to determine the (approx.) percentage of occlusion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the value of SDF -&gt; a \u201csafe\u201d angle seen from the eye\uff0c \u5373\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u906e\u6321\uff0c\u4e0evisibility\u6b63\u76f8\u5173<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64\u4eceshading point\u51fa\u53d1\u5411\u7740light\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3cray marching\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684safe angle\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cc\u9762\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e09\u89d2\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6307\u628aarcsinx\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6210kx\uff09\u6765\u5f97\u5230 visibility\u3002\u7528k\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8f6f\u786c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pro\uff1aFast\uff08\u5728\u5149\u7ebf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff09\uff0chigh quality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cons\uff1aSDF\u7684\u751f\u6210\uff08precomputation\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\uff08heavy storage\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u5f62\u53d8\uff0cartifact\uff08\u8d70\u6837\/\u7a7f\u5e2e\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> SDF\u8868\u793a\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7eb9\u7406\/uv\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u539f\u751fUV\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u8272\uff0c\u62c9\u4f38\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aEnvironment lighting\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5149\u7167\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u906e\u6321\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">cubemap vs. sphere: \u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u4e00\u822c\u7528cubeMap\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5360\u7528\u5927\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u6e32\u67d3\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ps\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8erender equation\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u6cd5\u7ebf\u5b9a\u4e49\u6b63\u534a\u7403\uff0cLi * brdf * cos\u03b8\u4ec5\u5bf9\u6b63\u534a\u7403\u79ef\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Image-Based Lighting\uff08IBL\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0cIBL\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u7565\u9634\u5f71\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64visibility\u6052\u4e3a1\uff0c\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u91cc\u9762\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eBRDF\u9879\u6765\u8bf4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679cbrdf\u662fglossy\uff08\u9ad8\u5149\/\u955c\u9762\uff09\uff1a\u8bf4\u660esupport\uff08\u652f\u6301\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u79ef\u5206\u8303\u56f4\uff09\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ea\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u6781\u7a84\u65b9\u5411\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5149\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679cbrdf\u662fDiffuse\uff08\u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\uff09\uff1a\u8868\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u5149\u6ed1\uff08Smooth\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u7684brdf\u9879\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5149\u7167\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u51c6\u786e\uff1fg(x)\u7684support\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6bd4\u8f83smooth<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-10-1024x366.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"366\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-10-1024x366.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1510\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u62c6\u5206\u628a\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u62c6\u6210\u4e24\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-9-1024x310.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"310\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-9-1024x310.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1509\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> \u8fd9\u4e2aLi\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u6210\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5185Li\u7684\u5747\u503c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9884\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8emipmap\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u6279mipmap\uff0c\u6bd4\u59821\u7ea7mipmap\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be22*2\u7684filter\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c2\u7ea7\u67e5\u8be24*4\uff0c\u60f3\u67e55*5\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5bf92\u7ea7\u548c3\u7ea7\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u6709\u5173BRDF lobe\uff0croughness\u4ee5\u53caIBL Li\u9879\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7269\u7406\u6750\u8d28\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982 GGX \u5206\u5e03\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>Roughness <\/strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u9ad8\u5149\u6ce2\u74e3\u7684\u201c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Roughness = 0<\/strong>\uff1aLobe \u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\uff08\u5b8c\u7f8e\u955c\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\uff09\uff0c\u79ef\u5206\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Roughness = 1<\/strong>\uff1aLobe \u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5bbd\u7684\u201c\u80d6\u6c14\u7403\u201d\uff0c\u79ef\u5206\u8303\u56f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u6574\u4e2a\u534a\u7403<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u8303\u56f4\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7531roughness\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u80fd\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u5148\u628a\u5377\u79ef\u6838\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548croughness\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u597d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728fragment shader\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6839\u636eMipmap\u548c\u4e09\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684mipmap\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u662f2\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u505a2*2\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u4e0b\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2aroughness\u503c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684BRDF lobe\u8fdb\u884c\u8499\u7279\u5361\u6d1b\u79ef\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 <strong>Compute Shader\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u7740\u8272\u5668\uff09<\/strong> \u624b\u52a8\u5199\u5165 Mipmap \u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1aRoughness\u548cLevel\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ue4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04 LOD = Roughness*(MaxMipLevel &#8211; 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u7531\u4e8eRoughness\u5b9e\u9645\u5728\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u8981\u5e73\u65b9\uff08\u03b1 = Roughness^2\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff08\u03b1\uff09\u968f\u5b9e\u9645roughness\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u662f2\u6b21\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u5149\u6ed1\u533a\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff08\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5149\u6ed1\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u66f4\u654f\u611f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u7528mipmap\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728fragment shader\u91cc\u9762\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528mipmap\u6bd4\u624b\u52a8\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aLevel 1 \u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\uff0c\u80fd\u5b58\u5f97\u4e0b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u7ed3\u679c\u5417\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\uff1a\u5f53Roughness\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6a21\u7cca\u3002\u6a21\u7cca\u610f\u5473\u7740<strong>\u9ad8\u9891\u7ec6\u8282\u6d88\u5931<\/strong>\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4f4e\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff08\u786c\u4ef6\u7279\u6027\uff09\u6070\u597d\u5339\u914d\u4e86\u6a21\u7cca\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u6709\u5173\u63d2\u503c\u548cmipmap<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u63d2\u503c\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3auv\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u800ctexture\u662f\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u843d\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u50cf\u7d20\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u91c7\u6837\u989c\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7eb9\u7406\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u70b9\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u63d2\u503c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mipmap\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u662f\u53d6\u56db\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5747\u503c\u201d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e09\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\uff1a\u5728\u53cc\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86mipmap\u5c42\u7ea7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5df2\u9002\u5e94\u975e2\u500d\u6570\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9brdf\u7684\u518d\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fresnel \u9879\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u201c\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528Schlick\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fR0 + \uff081-R0\uff09*\uff081-cos\u03b8\uff09^5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ea\u548c\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u5ea6\u548cR0\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5c31\u662fmetallic\uff09\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u9ad8\u5149\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5360\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NDF\u9879\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u548c\u5fae\u8868\u9762\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u5173\uff0ch\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u503c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528beckmann\u5206\u5e03\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u5fae\u8868\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u9075\u5faa\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e03\uff09\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u662froughness\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u03b1\uff09\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684roughness\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684roughness\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u6211\u4eec\u53c2\u6570\u4e2droughness\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b97\u5f0f\u7b97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u76844\u6b21\u65b9\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8eNDF\u66f4\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528GGX\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u9879\uff1a\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5c0f\u5f1f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u5fae\u8868\u9762\u76f8\u4e92\u906e\u6321\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-11-1024x725.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"725\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-11-1024x725.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1521\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-12-1024x726.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-12-1024x726.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1524\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8eIBL\u7684BRDF\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aFresnel\u9879\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u628a\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6839\u636eroughness\u548ccos\u03b8\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u5f20\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u8868\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u591a\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u90a3\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb9\u7406\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-13-1024x675.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"675\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-13-1024x675.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1528\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Split Sum<\/strong>\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Prefiltered Env Map (Cube Map)<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e <strong>Specular IBL<\/strong>\uff08\u955c\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\uff09\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u539f\u56fe\u7684mipmap\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u624b\u52a8\u585e\u5165\u4e86\u4e0d\u540croughness\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5e73\u65b9\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94brdf lobe\u5377\u79ef\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>BRDF LUT (2D Texture)<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u6b63 <strong>Specular IBL<\/strong>\uff08\u89e3\u51b3\u83f2\u6d85\u5c14\u548c\u51e0\u4f55\u906e\u853d\u79ef\u5206\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb9\u7406\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\uff0cR0\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662fF0\uff09\u9879\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u53eb<strong>Scale\uff0c<\/strong>\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u53eb<strong>Bias<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8e\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u662f\u67e5\u8868\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53eb\u505asplit-sum\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662fUnreal 4\u7684PBR\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86<strong>\u955c\u9762\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u5149\u6ed1\u5e73\u9762\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\u989c\u8272\uff0c<strong>\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7403\u9762\u8c10\u6ce2 SH<\/strong>\u3002UE4\u7528 <strong>3 \u9636\u7403\u9762\u8c10\u6ce2\uff08Spherical Harmonics\uff09<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u7684environment Map\u53c8\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u7684shading\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48shadow\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u5462\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\uff1a\u975e\u5e38\u96be<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56e0\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u201cmany-light\u201d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6210\u672c\u7ebf\u6027\u4e8e\u5149\u7167\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ece\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6e32\u67d3\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684vis\u9879\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86AO\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u73af\u5883\u5149\u906e\u853d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u91cc\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cvis\u9879\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f53\u7136\uff0cAO\u7684\u5927\u524d\u63d0\u662f constant environment lighting\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u73af\u5883\u5149\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u90fd\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5e38\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u592a\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u4e00\u8fb9\u90fd\u662f\u53d6\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u4e2d\u6700\u4eae\u7684\u5149\u6e90\uff08one or more\uff09\u505a\u4ee3\u8868\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u592a\u9633\uff09\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u9634\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u6b64\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u4e0b\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u4e86PRT\uff08Prefiltered Radiance Transfer\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q\uff1aPRT\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u597d\u5904\uff1f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Filtering\u548c\u56fe\u7247\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b21\u8861\u91cf\u6570\u503c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u9891\u7387\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u5f20\u9891\u8c31\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6b64\u65f6Low-Filtering\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u628a\u9ad8\u9891\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6ee4\u9664\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u5bf9\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5377\u79ef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u8bb2\uff0c\u5377\u79ef\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08Spatial Domain\uff09\u4e0a\u5e73\u6ed1\u4e86\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u9891\u57df\/\u65f6\u57df\uff08Frequency Domain\uff09\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e58\u79ef\uff08\u4e58\u4e0a\u5377\u79ef\u6838\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9891\u8c31\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7a7a\u57df\u5377\u79ef=\u9891\u57df\u4e58\u79ef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u5177<strong>\uff1aSH\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff08Spherical Harmonics\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u57fa\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\uff1a\u03b8 + \u03c6 \uff08\u6ca1\u6709 r\/\u6a21 \u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5411\u91cf\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684SH\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u53ea\u6709\u8868\u9762\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6027\u8d28\u6e90\u4e8e\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u51c6\u6b63\u4ea4\u57fa\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6c42\u53d6\u67d0\u4e00\u9879SH\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>c<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mo movablelimits=\"false\">\u222b<\/mo><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mi>f<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><msub><mi>y<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mi>d<\/mi><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">c_i = \\int_{\\Omega} f(\\omega) y_i(\\omega) d\\omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff0c\u7cfb\u6570\u5c31\u662ff\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2aSH\u4e0a\u7684<strong>\u6295\u5f71<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u79ef\u5206\uff09\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6062\u590d\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u9636\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u6062\u590d\u53ea\u4f1a\u7528\u6709\u9650\u9636\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u70b9\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u9ad8\u9891\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u9ad8\u9636SH\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u6ee4\u9664\u4e86\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5929\u7136\u7684\u4f4e\u901a\u6ee4\u6ce2\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u9891\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u8003\u8651Shadow\u7684shading part\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u7403\u9762\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u8003\u8651diffuse BRDF\u9879\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u662f\u975e\u5e38smooth\uff08\u4f4e\u9891\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e09\u9636\u7684\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3cdiffuse BRDF\u9879 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aproduct integral\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cLi\u548cdiffuse BRDF\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u6c42\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ea\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f4e\u9891\u3002\u65e2\u7136diffuse BRDF\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u9891\uff0c\u90a3\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u9636\u7684SH\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0Li\u9879\u4e86\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u9636\u7684\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8ff0Li\uff0c\u8bef\u5dee\u4ec5\u57281%\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2avec9\uff0c\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u201ddiffuse\u201c\uff0c\u4f46\u591f\u7528\u7684environment lighting\uff0c\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5199\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\uff1aBRDF\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e24\u9879\uff0cdiffuse\u9879\u548cspecular\u9879\u3002cook-torrence\u6a21\u578b\u548cmetallic\/roughness\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8especular\u9879\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684split-sum\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3specular\u9879\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5b9ediffuse\u9879\u4e5f\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: PRT\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li  *   V   *    BRDF<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbeBRDF\u662f<strong>diffuse<\/strong>\u7684\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5316\u6210\u5e38\u6570\u03c1\u63d0\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u53ef\u4ee5\u5316\u6210SH\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u628a\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684Bi\uff08\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u9879\uff09\u585e\u7ed9V\u9879\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eV\u6765\u8bf4\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u70b9\u79ef\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u5047\u8bbeV\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u573a\u666f\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u597d\u5904\uff1a\u5149\u7167\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u7684\uff08\u53ea\u8981\u90fd\u9884\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fali\u7cfb\u6570\u9879\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8eSH\u51fd\u6570\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u5f97\u5230\u65cb\u8f6c\u5149\u7167\u4e4b\u540e\u7684li\u7cfb\u6570\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u91cc\u662fdiffuse\u7684\uff0cSH\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee53\u9636<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-17-1024x607.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"607\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-17-1024x607.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1612\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u628aLi\u9879\u548clight transport\u9879\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u5806\uff0c\u7531\u4e8ebrdf diffuse\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8V\uff09\u90fd\u62c6\u5f00\u4e3a\u7403\u8c10\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2an\u5e73\u65b9\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eSH\u4ea4\u53c9\u9879\u4e3a0\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5e94\u9879\u4e3a1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6b64\u65f6\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aO(n)\u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-18-1024x701.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"701\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-18-1024x701.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1620\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679cBRDF\u662fglossy\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">glossy\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728BRDF\u9879\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u5e38\u6570\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u5c04\u5149\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u9ad8\u5149\/specular\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d7\u540c\u6837\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8eglossy\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cTi\u9879\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6295\u5f71\u7684<strong>\u5411\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08n\u7ef4\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6295\u5f71\u7684<strong>\u77e9\u9635\uff08n*n\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684light transport \u5728SH\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff08SH\u7cfb\u6570\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GI\uff01\uff08Global Illimination \u5168\u5c40\u5149\u7167\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e32\u67d3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u5149\u7167\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201cone bounce\u201d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201d\u591a\u4e00\u6b21\u5f39\u5c04\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RSM\uff08Reflective Shadow Map\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\u8003\u8651\u5149\u7167\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\u5176\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6765\u81ea\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5149\uff0c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u81ea\u5149\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u4f53\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5168\u5c40\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u5149\u6e90\u76f4\u63a5\u7167\u5c04\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u65b0\u7684\u5149\u6e90\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff08\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90 secondary light source \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e primary light source\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1. \u54ea\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u4f1a\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u7167\u4eae\uff08\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2. \u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u9762\u5bf9shading point\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u98981\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684<strong>shadow map<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5149\u6e90\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u662f\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u7684radiance\u662f\u51fa\u5c04\u65b9\u5411\u6709\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\uff08shading point\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86camera\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a<strong>\u6240\u6709\u7684reflector \u53cd\u5c04\u7269\u90fd\u662fdiffuse\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u5373radiance\u89c6\u89d2\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5149\u6e90\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5047\u8bbe\u63a5\u53d7\u7269\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fshading point\uff09\u4e5f\u662fdiffuse\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3\u63a8\u5bfc\u5982\u4e0b\uff1aq\u4ee3\u8868reflector p\u4ee3\u8868shading point\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u628a\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u7684\u5149\u7167\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3abrdf * \u80fd\u91cf\/\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u5728shading point\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u628a\u5355\u4f4d\u9762\u79ef\u6d88\u6389\uff0c\u8fbe\u6210\u53ea\u5b58\u53d6\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u7684V\u9879\u4e00\u773c\u96be\u7b97\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64<strong>RSM\u662f\u4e0d\u8003\u8651V\u9879\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-19-1024x710.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-19-1024x710.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1634\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u7684shading point\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2ashadow map\u4e0a\u7684\u70b9\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u806a\u660e\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9shading point\u6709\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728RSM\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u628ashading point\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5750\u6807\u6295\u5f71\u5230shadow map\u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2ashadow map\u4e0a\u79bb\u5f97\u8fd1\u5c31\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5750\u6807\u8fd1\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u662fPCSS\u5bf9\u4e8eshadow map\u627eblocker\u548cfiltering\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u53c2!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2ashading point\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u6570\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u4e86400\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684Shadow map\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86Depth, world coordinate, normal, flux, etc\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u624b\u7535\u7b52\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u4f1a\u7528RSM\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u7535\u7b52\u672c\u8eab\u53ea\u7167\u4eae\u4e00\u5c0f\u5757\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e5f\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pros\uff1a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u5199\uff0c\u9075\u5faashadow map\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cons\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u5149\u6e90\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u591a\u4e00\u5f20shadow map<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53cd\u5c04\u7269\u5230shading point\u7684V\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u611f\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>diffuse \u53cd\u5c04\u7269\uff0c \u4e16\u754c\u5750\u6807\u4e0eshadow map\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fd1\u4f3c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sample rate\/quality tradeoff<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Light Propagation Volumes\uff08LPV\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u628a3d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f53\u7d20\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90<\/strong>\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3cRSM\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Radiance\u5206\u5e03\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u6269\u6563\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u64ad\u5149\u6e90<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u4e2a\u601d\u7ef4\u8bef\u533a\uff1a\u5149\u662f\u6cbf\u76f4\u7ebf\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5149\uff0c\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u70b9\u4e58\u56fa\u5b9a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u5206\u91cf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u91cf\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u8d77\u70b9\u7684\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u201c\u5149\u6e90\u8d77\u70b9\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5149\u7ebf\u201d\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u573a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u573a\u8868\u793a\u4e3a2\u9636SH\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1. \u5982\u679c\u6709\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u7684\u9762\u7247\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709light leaking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2. \u65e0\u9650\u5236\u7684\u7ec6\u5206\u7f51\u683c\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u6269\u6563\u8ba1\u7b97\u90fd\u6709\u538b\u529b <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VXGI\uff08Voxel Global Illumination\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u4f9d\u7136\u628a\u573a\u666fvoxel\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5176\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u7684incident lighting lobe\u548c\u5176normal lobe\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b21\u7ea7\u5149\u6e90\u7684\u5149\u7167\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u8def\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ececamera\u51fa\u53d1\u53d1\u5c04\u4e00\u4e2acamera ray\uff0c\u6253\u5230shading point\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662fglossy\uff0c\u5219\u53cd\u5c04\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u9525\uff1bdiffuse\u5219\u53cd\u5c04\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u89e3\u51b3\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5706\u9525\u7684\u62fc\u5408\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5706\u9525\u8986\u76d6\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u683c\u7684\u5149\u7167\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8ba1\u7b97\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u901f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e3a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u8bbe\u7f6ehierarchy\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5706\u9525\u662f\u4e0a\u7a84\u4e0b\u5bbd\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u627e\u6700\u5c0f\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684voxel\uff0c\u8d8a\u5f80\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d8a\u627e\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684voxel\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3cRT\u7684\u5305\u56f4\u76d2\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pros\uff1a\u6548\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u9010\u50cf\u7d20\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cons\uff1a\u6162\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cavoxel\u5316\u6210\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GI in Screen Space <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u8c13\u201d\u5c4f\u5e55\u7a7a\u95f4\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6e32\u67d3\u51fa\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u201cpost processing\u201d\uff01\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728camera\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9GI\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u201cimage space\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u50cfRSM\u8fd9\u79cd\uff0c\u4eceshadow map\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u201cworld space\u201d\uff0cLPV\/VXGI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSAO\uff08Screen Space Ambient Occlusion\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q\uff1aAO\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u753b\u9762\u6548\u679c\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8c08GI\u4f1a\u7a81\u7136\u8f6c\u5230AO\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\uff1aAO\u662f\u8ba9\u7269\u4f53\u548c\u7269\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u90e8\u5206\u53d8\u6697\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff08\u6240\u8c13\u7684 contact shadow\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f53\u73b0\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u60ac\u6d6e\u611f\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u7acb\u4f53\u611f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aAO\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3aGI\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff08contact shadow\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u5149\u7167\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSAO \u7684 key idea\uff1a<br>1. \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6765\u81ea\u56db\u5468\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c<strong>\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5e38\u6570<\/strong>\uff08\u8c03\u53c2\u5730\u72f1\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u56de\u987e\uff1a\u5728Blinn-phone \u5149\u7167\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ed3\u679c\u9879\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u5149\u7167diffuse\u56fa\u5b9a\u9879\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f3a\u786c\u7684\u628a\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u5347\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> 2. \u4f46SSAO\u6bd5\u7adf\u662fAO\uff0c\u5b83\u867d\u7136\u5047\u8bbe\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8651visibility\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5149\u7167\u6548\u679c\uff08\u8981\u4e58\u4e0avisibility\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> 3. SSAO\u8fd8\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6750\u8d28\u90fd\u662fdiffuse\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\uff1a\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\uff0c\u5176\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>visibility\u5bf9\u4e8e\u534a\u7403\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e58\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8c03\u5236\u7684\u5e38\u6570\uff08\u5149\u7167\u5e38\u6570 * diffuse brdf \u5e38\u6570\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-1024x700.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"700\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-1024x700.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1710\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u5e26\u7740cos\u03b8\u4e00\u8d77\u79ef\u5206\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1ad\u03c9\u672c\u8eab\u4ee3\u8868\u7acb\u4f53\u89d2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u3002\u5b83\u4e58\u4e0acos\u03b8\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u5355\u4f4d\u5706\u4e0a\u7684\u9762\u79ef\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762ka\u7684\u5206\u6bcd\u662f\u03a0\uff1a\u5706\u9762\u79ef\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-1-1024x573.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-1-1024x573.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1712\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u53bb\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97ka\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f visibility\u9879\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\uff09\uff1f\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728screen space\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ba1\u7b97visibility\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5047\u8bbe\u5149\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728 visibility \u53bb trace \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e88\u8003\u8651\uff08\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5c4b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\uff0c\u5219visibility\u80af\u5b9a\u4e3a0\uff09.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86trade-off\uff1a\u5230\u5e95\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c<strong>\u6709\u6548\u8ddd\u79bb<\/strong>\u201d\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5728screen space\u4e0d\u597d\u505aray tracing \u5bf9\u6b64 SSAO\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-2-1024x659.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"659\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-2-1024x659.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1714\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2ashading point\uff0c\u5411\u5b83\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u7403\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u91c7\u6837\u4e00\u6279\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6df1\u5ea6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4f1a\u6807\u8bb0\u76f8\u673a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u7269\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u7269\u4f53\u5916\u90e8\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u56fe\u4e8c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bef\u5224\uff0c\u4f46\u6574\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\uff08\u8bfe\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u77f3\u51f3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u7684AO\uff0c \u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ebHBAO\uff0c\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6cd5\u7ebf\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6321\u4f4f\u90fd\u7b97\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6b21\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53ea\u6709\u6cd5\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u534a\u7403\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u5b9e\u9645\u5bf9ao\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0cSSAO\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u6df1\u5ea6\u548c\u6cd5\u7ebf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u505a\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u7ea2\u70b9\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u8fc7\u534a\uff0c\u624d\u8003\u8651AO\u3002\u7ea2\u70b9\u4e0d\u8fc7\u534a\uff0cvisibility\u9879\u663e\u7136\u662f\u51681\uff1b\u7ea2\u70b9\u8fc7\u534a\uff0c\u90a3\u628a\u51cf\u53bb\u6574\u4f53\u4e2a\u6570\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u7ea2\u70b9\u4e2a\u6570\u518d\u548c\u7eff\u70b9\u53bb\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5f97\u5230visibility\u9879\u3002\u56fe2\u662f0.6\uff0c\u56fe\u4e09\u662f0.2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f<strong>\u5e73\u5747<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u548ccos\u03b8\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684<strong>\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u4e0d\u592a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSDO\uff08Screen Space Directional Occlusion\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSAO\u5047\u8bbe incident light \u4e3a constant\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u80fd\u8ba9\u63a5\u7f1d\u5904\u53d8\u6697\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u5230color bleeding\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff08\u4e24\u4e2adiffuse\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u989c\u8272\u4e92\u76f8\u4f20\u64ad\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSDO\u7684\u601d\u8def\u7c7b\u4f3cpath tracing\uff1a\u4eceshading point \u53d1\u5c04\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\u6761\u5149\u7ebf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6253\u5230\u4e86obstacle\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u7ebf\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6253\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u53ea\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eSSAO\u7684constant\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7528\u8003\u8651\u76f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u7684\u601d\u8def\u6765\u8003\u8651\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u5149\uff08\u8f83\u8fdc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09\u3002\u4e0eSSDO\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6253\u4e0d\u5230\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u6253\u5230\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u88ab\u906e\u6321\u4f4f\u3002\u800cSSDO\u5219\u8003\u8651\u8fd1\u5904\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e00\u5757\u505a\uff08\u4f46\u597d\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-3-1024x604.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"604\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-3-1024x604.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1721\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pros\uff1a\u8d28\u91cf\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cons\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>screen space\u4e22\u5931\u4fe1\u606f\uff0ccamera\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u9762\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u8d21\u732eshading<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ea\u80fd\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3cSSAO\u7684\uff0c\u62ff\u534a\u7403\u5185\u91c7\u70b9\u5f53\u4f5cray tracing\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u4e0d\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7a0d\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\/\u95f4\u63a5\u5149\u7167\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSR\uff08 Screen Space Reflection \/ Ray tracing\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Raymarching:<\/strong>\u00a0SSR shoots a ray from the camera, reflecting it off a surface, and then &#8220;marches&#8221; (traces) this ray across the screen&#8217;s depth buffer to find an intersection with another object.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Data Usage:<\/strong>\u00a0It relies on the depth, normal, specular, and color buffers to compute the reflection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sampling:<\/strong>\u00a0When a hit is detected, the color from that part of the screen is applied to the reflective surface<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hierarchical tracing\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3cmipmap\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u6700\u6d45\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u5f53ray\u4e0d\u4e0ehigh level\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5757\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2ahigh level\u4e0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684low level\u76f8\u4ea4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u8bd5\u63a2\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c42\u4ea4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u5c0f\u7684level\u5f00\u59cb\u6b65\u8fdb\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6b65\u8fdb2\uff0c4\uff0c8\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u76f8\u4ea4\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u7ea7\u4e8c\u5206\u7f29\u51cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f4elevel\u7684\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSR\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662fscreen space\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5c4f\u5e55\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53cd\u5c04\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53cd\u5c04\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u6df1\u5ea6\u56fe\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5c42\u58f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u770b\u5230\uff08\u4f46\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\uff09\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7ec6\u8282\u7f3a\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PBR and PBR Materials<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">microfacet models and Disney principled BRDFs\uff08both not PBR\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Microfacet BRDF<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b80\u5355\u590d\u4e60\u4f20\u7edfBRDF\uff1a<br>Fresnel\uff1a\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u5782\u76f4\u57fa\u672c\u4e3a0\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1\u63a0\u5c04\u65f6\u4e3a1\u3002\u7279\u522bmetallic\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u5927\u6982\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6750\u8d28\u53cd\u5c04\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a0\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c1\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u635f\u8017\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528Schlick\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eceR0\u52301\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u8f68\u8ff9\uff08metal\u7684R0\u63a5\u8fd11\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u63a5\u8fd10\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-4.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"533\" height=\"182\" data-original=\"https:\/\/ferina.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-4.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1728\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 533px) 100vw, 533px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NDF\uff08Normal Distribution Function\uff09\u9879\uff1a\u5fae\u8868\u9762\u6cd5\u7ebf\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6750\u8d28\u662f\u5426smooth\uff08\u6cd5\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u96c6\u4e2d\uff09\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e73\u9762\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u6cd5\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5e94\u8be5\u5168\u90e8\u671d\u5411\u534a\u7a0b\u5411\u91cfh\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NDF\u9879\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7269\u4f53\u662fglossy\uff08\u6700\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u5c31\u662fspecular \uff09\u7684\u8fd8\u662fdiffuse\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NDF\u9879\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff1aBeckmann\uff0cGGX<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some basic understandings Q\uff1a \u6709\u5173fragment shader\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536vertex [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[32],"class_list":["post-1413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-8","tag-32"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1413"}],"version-history":[{"count":192,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1731,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1413\/revisions\/1731"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ferina.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}